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Deng K, Ye X, Yang Y Evaluation of efficacy and biocompatibility of a new absorbable synthetic substitute as a dural onlay graft in a large animal model. Neurol Res. 2016; 38:(9)799-808 https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2016.1214418

Shi Z, Xu T, Yuan Y A new absorbable synthetic substitute with biomimetic design for dural tissue repair. Artif Organs. 2016; 40:(4)403-413 https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.12568

Deng K, Yang Y, Ke Y A novel biomimetic composite substitute of PLLA/gelatin nanofiber membrane for dura repairing. Neurol Res. 2017; 39:(9)819-829 https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2017.1348680

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Leg ulcers
Diabetic foot ulcers
Hard-to-heal wounds
Clinical/pre-clinical research
Pressure ulcers

Clinical application of a 3D-printed scaffold in chronic wound treatment: a case series

02 July 2019
Case Series
02 July 2019
Volume 3 · Issue 3

Abstract

Objective:

This case series evaluates the safety and effectiveness of 3D-printed scaffold in chronic wounds. The scaffold is a composite of natural and synthetic materials and can be prepared in the form of powder or membrane.

Method:

We recruited patients with pressure ulcers (PU) and/or a diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). We used two methods: 3D-printed scaffolds alone or 3D-printing powder mixed with platelet-rich fibrinogen (PRF). Clinicians and patients were asked to rate the scaffold's ease of application and comfort during use.

Results:

A total of five patients were recruited; four with a PU and one with a DFU. For the patient treated with the 3D-printed scaffold membrane (n=1), their PU healed in 28 days, and for patients treated with the 3D-printed scaffold powder (n=2), their PUs healed in 54 days. For the patients treated with the 3D-printing powder mixed with PRF (n=2), the patient with a PU healed in 11 days, and the patient with the DFU healed in 14 days. All clinicians rated the 3D-printed scaffold as ‘easy’ or ‘very easy’ to use, and patients rated their comfort during wear and at dressing change as ‘good’ or ‘very good’.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated that 3D-printed scaffold was convenient to use, have the potential to improve wound healing rates, and provided a safe and effective way for treating chronic wounds.

The treatment of chronic wounds, such as pressure ulcers (PU) and diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), is complicated due to the complex wound environment. Choukroun et al.1 reported that extracellular matrix (ECM), formed by fibrinogen, is critical for wound repair. By observing epithelialisation of the wound, it was discovered that the porous, fibrinogen clot could induce cell migration and proliferation, especially for the epithelial cells at the wound edge, away from their original ECM, which could then form new ECM and create an appropriate environment for wound healing.

Biomaterial scaffolds have been used to aid chronic wound treatment. The 3D-printed scaffolds used in this case series are state-of-the-art biomaterial scaffolds, which are proven to be safe and effective for dura repair,2,3,4 due to its mechanical properties, biocompatibility, biodegradability and moreover, its 3D fibrous microstructure which can bio-mimic the ECM environment.4

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3D-printed scaffold
biomaterial scaffold
chronic wound
diabetic foot ulcer
extracellular matrix
platelet-rich fibrinogen
pressure ulcer