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Review

Wound healing and hyper-hydration: a counterintuitive model

Healing of the skin consists of four overlapping and integrated phases: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and remodelling.3 This initial haemostatic response is characterised by platelet...

Incontinence-associated dermatitis: new insights into an old problem

IAD may be regarded as a type of contact dermatitis that occurs in patients who have urinary or faecal incontinence, often causing significant discomfort, and reduced quality of life.2 Typically, IAD...

Managing exudate and maceration in venous leg ulceration within the acute health setting

In acute wounds, this protein-rich fluid, known as ‘nature's balsam’ is beneficial; it washes the wound, acts as a transport medium for the cells and growth factors responsible for the healing...

Measurement of ph, exudate composition and temperature in wound healing: a systematic review

This systematic review was conducted to examine all types of quantitative research that explored the concepts of pH, exudate composition and/or temperature measurements in relation to wound healing in...

Wound dressing options for exudate and moisture management: demystifying cyanoacrylate

MASD associated with incontinence, also referred to as IAD, typically presents as diffuse erythema but may also be characterised by erosion, oedema, scaling, papules, or bullae containing serous...

Manuka honey in wound management: greater than the sum of its parts?

The literature includes reports on numerous honeys, from different floral sources, for in vitro antimicrobial activity in particular. Due to the pioneering work of the late Peter Molan3 in New Zealand...

Biological effects and clinical application of negative pressure wound therapy: a review

NPWT is also known as topical negative pressure, sub-atmospheric pressure therapy, vacuum sealing, vacuum pack therapy, and vacuum sealing drainage (VSD), or vacuum-assisted closure (VAC). Based on...

Wound bed preparation: the importance of rapid and effective desloughing to promote healing

Slough is comprised of the components of phagocytosis and occurs as a consequence of the inflammatory phase of wound healing. In acute wounds, neutrophils remove any dead and devitalised tissue that...

Immune and vascular dysfunction in diabetic wound healing

A systematic review of the literature was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar. Search terms used include: ‘diabetes’, ‘wounds’, ‘wound healing’, ‘diabetic wounds’, ‘immune...

Risk of falling for people with venous leg ulcers: a literature review

It is estimated that 30% of people over the age of 65 years fall annually, and this figure rises to 50% in people over the age of 80 years.1,2 Falls cost the NHS £2.3 billion annually,2 which is a...

A review of the evidence for adjustable compression wrap devices

These adjustable devices consist of low-elastic material sections that wrap across the limb and are secured with hook and loop fasteners. They are designed for self-application over the short or long...

Platelet-rich plasma, bilayered acellular matrix grafting and negative pressure wound therapy in diabetic foot infection

A 35-year-old male who was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes 5 years ago presented at the Southern Arizona Limb Salvage Alliance (SALSA), following an accident where a nail pierced his left foot. The...